High resolution image of the somatic basal bodies along the sides of the cytoproct ridge have bundles of microtubules extending into the endoplasm from near their proximal ends. These bundles make con...

The somatic basal bodies along the sides of the cytoproct ridge have bundles of microtubules extending into the endoplasm from near their proximal ends. These bundles make contact with the spent vacuo...

Cytosolic pressure may be one force used to expel the undigested contents from spent vacuoles, however, tubulation and retrieval of the spent vacuole membrane will ultimately eliminate all of the vacu...

In defecation, when a spent vacuole has fused with the single membrane along the midline of the ridge the lips of the cytoproct split apart and form a wide gap. The membrane of the spent vacuole is no...

P. multimicronucleatum in defecation. When a spent vacuole has fused with the single membrane along the midline of the ridge the lips of the cytoproct split apart and form a wide gap. The membrane of ...