A grazing section through the cell’s surface shows segments of six rows of cilia running across the figure sectioned superfically at the top and deeper into the cell as one progresses down the figur...

Cross section of a cilium showing the 9 + 2 axoneme. Two dynein arms, inner and outer, of heterogeneous appearance arise from the complete microtubule of each doublet. Spokes extend from the doublets ...

The highest concentration of parasomal sacs is found in the oral region associated with the three ciliary membranelles, called in Paramecium, the ventral amd dorsal peniculi and the quadrulus. This mi...

Posterior end of the buccal cavity with a nascent phagosome attached to the cytopharynx. The ribbed wall has ended and the cytopharynx is greatly reduced. The quadrulus goes to the end of the buccal c...

Details of the origins of the cytopharyngeal ribbons and the quadrulus associated ribbons. At first view the cytopharyngeal ribbons look like they might arise next to basal bodies but it is clear that...

The micronucleus of Paramecium caudatum is distinctive from other closely related Paramecium such as P. multimicronucleatum and P. tetraurela. P. caudatum has only one micronucleus of a type in which ...

This micrograph shows that the discoidal vesicles meet the cytopharyngeal membrane edge-on where they fuse. Besides the ribbon of 12 microtubules abutting the membrane there is a second small ribbon o...

This micrograph shows that the discoidal vesicles meet the cytopharyngeal membrane edge-on where they fuse. Besides the ribbon of 12 microtubules abutting the membrane there is a second small ribbon o...

The cytosol of Paramecium contains many vesicles of various sizes, shapes and contents as well as complex particles such as ribosomes and glycogen granules. The rough endoplasmic reticulum exists as m...

Cross section through the more anterior part of the oral region showing the four more loosely spaced rows of cilia making up the quadrulus and more compact cilia of the peniculi on the left hand wall ...