The cytoproct is the site of spent vacuole defecation on the surface of Paramecium. When closed the cytoproct forms a long narrow wavy ridge along the posterior suture. At its apex the ridge is about ...

The cytoproct is the cell’s defecation site where spent digestive vacuoles fuse with the plasma membrane. In this cell the cytoproct is closed and forms a ridge along the posterior suture on the ven...

High resolution image of the b-tubulin immunogold labeled microtubules that arise from the apex of the cytoproct ridge and pass to the spent DV membrane. Trichocyst and trichocyst tip included in this...

In this colchicine-treated cell, used in an attempt to disrupt its microtubules, we found that microtubules already formed are not disrupted in Paramecium. This open cytoproct shows the microfilaments...

Single microtubules extend into the cytoplasm from the tips of the cytoproct ridge. These are thought to come to lie along the surface of the approaching DV-IV and to pull the ridge down against the D...

High resolution view of the cytoproct ridge at higher magnification. The unique system of thick fibers extends from each side of the ridge toward the center of the ridge. These thickened fibers are no...

The cytoproct ridge at higher magnification. The unique system of thick fibers extends from each side of the ridge toward the center of the ridge. These thickened fibers are not found in any other par...

A bundle of microtubules that arises from a basal body adjacent to the cytoproct comes to lie along a spent DV-IV. The assumption is that movement generated by molecular motors propels the spent vacuo...

Single microtubules extend into the cytoplasm from the tips of the cytoproct ridge. These are thought to come to lie along the surface of the approaching DV-IV and to pull the ridge down against the D...

Immunogold labeled microtubules next to the cytoproct radiate from basal bodies and also from the tip of the cytoproct. These microtubules lie along the approaching spent DV. b-tubulin immunogold labe...