The anterior end of Euplotes tilts upward and contains triplet rows of cilia which are elements of the AZM. Ridges between the membranelles of the AZM contain mitochondria and electron transparent ves...

A cross section of the probosis oral apparatus of Didinium showing the organization, distribution of toxicysts, and the ribbons of microtubules that support the ingestion of large prey. Further detail...

Nice view of the oral apparatus, macronuclear organization, cortex, and cytoplasm of Opercularia. Neg of unknown magnification. Estimate sizes from the approximate 0.2µm diameter of a ciliary axoneme...

A high resolution view of the left side of the buccal cavity. It is covered by the plasma membrane, alveoli and a single partial layer of microtubules. Specialized cytoplasm lines the posterior end of...

A high resolution tangential section through the buccal cavity showing the close spacing of the cilia in the undulating membrane and 3, presumably nonciliated basal bodies, in the inside row. Accessor...

An image of the oral ribs with their microtubular ribbons and alveolar tubes pass through the cytostome to the cytopharynx and nascent vacuole region. In this view the left wall of the buccal cavity i...

Cross section of the oral region (buccal cavity) posterior to the vestibulum. The cytopharynx is beginning on the dorsal surface and the ribbed wall, peniculi and quadrulus are present on the right an...

Cirri arise from the ventral side and the adoral zone of membranelles circle the anterior end of the cell and curve ventrally along one side of the oral cavity. The AZM is composed of triplet rows of ...

A view of a part of the oral apparatus of Conchophthirus which reveals details of cortical structure. This includes one oral membranelle and three vestibular kinities as well as cytoplasm and cortical...

The new oral region in the opisthe starts to form as an unorganized field of new basal bodies develops at the equator of the cell surface. At first these do not resemble membranelles although some bas...